More than half the supply of palladium and its congener platinum is used in catalytic converters, which convert as much as 90% of the harmful gases in automobile exhaust ( hydrocarbons, carbon monoxide, and nitrogen dioxide) into nontoxic substances ( nitrogen, carbon dioxide and water vapor). They have similar chemical properties, but palladium has the lowest melting point and is the least dense of them. Palladium, platinum, rhodium, ruthenium, iridium and osmium form a group of elements referred to as the platinum group metals (PGMs). He named it after the asteroid Pallas, which was itself named after the epithet of the Greek goddess Athena, acquired by her when she slew Pallas. It is a rare and lustrous silvery-white metal discovered in 1803 by the English chemist William Hyde Wollaston. Palladium is a chemical element with the symbol Pd and atomic number 46.
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